Engine Cooling

Engine Cooling - Online
Outlaw Radiator carries many major brands, all with lifetime warranties and all built to OE style specifications. Modine, Visteon, Valeo, Behr, GDI, Koyo and more at great prices.
www.outlawradiator.com

Engine Cooling
We Offer 7,500+ Automotive Parts. Deals On Engine Cooling.
EngineParts.BizRate.com

Warning: mkdir() [function.mkdir]: Permission denied in /home/webs/affiliatelib2/CacheManager.php on line 12

Warning: mkdir() [function.mkdir]: No such file or directory in /home/webs/affiliatelib2/CacheManager.php on line 12

Warning: fopen(/home/templatecore2cache//*cluesnet.com/05/05c9ea7f97de12031d25552083c669f01d266cf1.tc2cache) [function.fopen]: failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /home/webs/affiliatelib2/CacheManager.php on line 130

Warning: fwrite(): supplied argument is not a valid stream resource in /home/webs/affiliatelib2/CacheManager.php on line 131

Warning: fclose(): supplied argument is not a valid stream resource in /home/webs/affiliatelib2/CacheManager.php on line 132

Engine cooling is the process of cooling an engine by using either air or liquid.

As engines generate mechanical power (physics) they also generate waste heat energy because they are not perfectly efficient. The engine must therefore be cooled to prevent it from cooking in its own heat.

Although some waste heat goes out with exhaust gases in most conventional internal combustion engines, further cooling is needed otherwise some components will get so hot that materials or lubricants will fail.

Basic principles Most internal combustion engines are "air-cooled engine" or "liquid-cooled engine". Each principle has advantages and disadvantages, and particular applications may favor one over the other. For example, most Automobile and trucks use liquid-cooled engines, while most small fixed-wing aircraft engines are air-cooled.

Most liquid-cooled engines use a mixture of water and other chemicals such as antifreeze and rust inhibitors. Some use no water at all, instead using a liquid with different properties, such as propylene glycol or the combination of propylene glycol and ethylene glycol. Although the term "liquid-cooled" is used here, most air-cooled engines also use some liquid oil cooling, and most liquid-cooled engines subsequently cool the hot liquid with air.

Conductive heat transfer is proportional to the temperature difference between materials. If an engine metal is at 300°Celsius and the air is at 0°C, then there is a 300°C temperature difference for cooling. An air-cooled engine uses all of this difference.

In contrast, a liquid-cooled engine might dump heat from the engine to a liquid, heating the liquid to 150°C which is then cooled with 0°C air. Thus, in each step, the liquid-cooled engine has half the temperature difference and so may need as much as twice the cooling area.

An engine needs different temperatures. The inlet including the compressor of a turbo and in the inlet trumpets and the inlet valves need to be as cold as possible. A heat exchanger with forced cooling air does the job. The cylinder-walls should not heat up the air before compression, but also not cool down the gas at the combustion. A compromise is a wall temperature of 90°C. The viscosity of the oil is optimized for just this temperature. Air cooling is reduced by removing the fins. Cooling-water is then admitted to regulate the temperature. Any cooling of the exhaust and the turbine of the turbo reduces the amount of power available to the turbine. The motor block and the material of the heat exchanger have some heat capacity which smooth out temperature increase in short sprints. Modern electronic regulates the water valve also based on throttle to anticipate a temperature rise and compensate for the finite thermal conductance.

Generalization difficulties For all these reasons, it is difficult to make generalizations about air-cooled or liquid-cooled engines. Air-cooled Volkswagen VW Type 2 are known for sometimes "eating engines", with both rapid wear in normal use and sometimes sudden failure when driven in hot weather. Alternately, air-cooled Deutz AG diesel engines are known for reliability even in extreme heat, and are often used in situations where the engine runs unattended for months at a time.

It is usually more difficult to achieve either low emissions or low noise from an air-cooled engine, two reasons why most road vehicles use liquid-cooled engines. It is also often difficult to build large air-cooled engines, so nearly all air-cooled engines are under 500 Kilowatt, whereas large liquid-cooled engines exceed 80 Megawatt (Wärtsilä-Sulzer RTA96-C 14-cylinder diesel).

A reliable generalization is that for a given power level it is more difficult to build a light liquid-cooled engine. Weight is one reason air-cooling is common in aircraft engines, though reliability through simplicity and ready access to cool air are two other reasons.

Why automobile engines were air-cooled Passenger and industrial vehicles using direct air cooling, without anintermediate liquid, were built over a long period beginning with theadvent of the mass produced passenger car and ending with a small andgenerally unrecognized technical change. That water cooled cars andtrucks routinely created geysers while climbing mountain roads beforeWorld War II was taken for granted. At the time, most notedsummits had auto repair shops to minister to overheating engines.

ACS (Auto Club Suisse) maintains historical monuments to that era onthe Susten Pass where two radiator refill stations remain.These have instructions on a cast metal plaque and a spherical bottomwatering can hanging next to a water spigot. The spherical bottom wasintended to keep it from being set down and, therefore, be uselessaround the house, in spite of which it was stolen, as the picture shows.

During that period Magirus-Deutz built air-cooled diesel trucks, Porsche built air-cooled farm tractors and Volkswagen Beetle becamefamous with air-cooled passenger cars, not to say there weren't others in thefield, but these were the most visible in Europe while in the USA,Franklin (automobile) built air-cooled engines.

What changed and when?

The change occurred at the start of World War II when the US militaryneeded reliable vehicles. The subject of boiling engines was addressed,researched, and a solution found. Although previous radiators andCylinder block were properly designed and surviveddurability tests, they used water pumps with a leaky graphite-lubricated"rope" seal (gland (engineering)) on the pump shaft. This sealwas inherited from steam engines, where water loss is accepted, the processbeing open flow, expending large volumes of water. Because the seal leakedmainly when the pump was running and the engine was hot, it evaporated itslosses inconspicuously, leaving at best a small rusty trace when the enginestopped and cooled, thereby not revealing significant water loss.

Automobile radiators (or heat exchangers) have an outlet that feedscooled water to the engine and the engine has an outlet that feeds heatedwater to the top of the radiator. Water circulation is aided by a rotarypump that is inefficient because it must work over a wide range of enginespeeds. While running, the leaking pump seal drained cooling water to alevel where the pump could no longer return water to the top of the radiator.Water circulation ceased and water in the engine boiled.

After isolating the pump problem, cars and trucks built for the war effort(no civilian cars were built during that time) were equipped with carbon-sealwater pumps that did not leak and caused no more geysers. Meanwhile, aircooling advanced in memory of boiling engines... that were no longer built.Once begun, air-cooled engines became popular throughout Europe. After thewar, Volkswagen advertised in the USA as not boiling, in spite of new water-cooledcars that no longer did so, but it sold well, and without question.

Today practically no air-cooled automotive engines are built, air cooling beingfraught with manufacturing expense and maintenance problems. Motorcycles had anadditional problem in that a water leak presented a greater threat to reliability,their engines having small cooling water volume, so they were loath to changealthough today nearly all are water cooled. However, many motorcycles rely onconvection circulation without a pump.

See also

Heater core

Category:Engine Cooling - SELOC TechWiki
The engine cooling system comprises an engine driven water pump, a front mounted radiator with electrical cooling fan(s), and associated ducting, pipework and controls.

Gallay - Engine Cooling, Air Conditioning, Heating Systems
Gallay Limited are leaders in the design and manufacture of engine cooling, air conditioning and heating systems for a wide range of vehicles and static applications.

Engine Cooling Systems, Radiators, Charge Air Coolers, Oil Coolers
Gallay are leaders in the design and manufacture of engine cooling systems, copper, brass and aluminium radiators, charge air coolers, air and oil coolers, plate oil coolers, shell ...

Canal Junction - Marine Engine problems
Canal boat fault finding and rectification ... Fault Finding. Tony Brooks is an expert on Marine Diesel Engine & Boat Maintenance matters.

Technology Transfer Systems, engine cooling, engine cooling book ...
Technology Transfer Systems publishes engine cooling system, engine coolants books and references. Produces training systems and engineering seminars. Provides automotive ... ...

Engine Cooling Pumps > Marine > Jabsco - ITT
Engine Cooling Pumps, Marine, Jabsco - ITT ... Using the latest in design, material specification and manufacturing methods, Jabsco is the leader in the development of Engine ...

Engine cooling - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Engine cooling is cooling an engine, typically using either air or liquid.

Car's Cooling Systems - How Your Car Engine Keeps Cool
The function of the engine's cooling system is to remove excess heat from the engine, to keep the engine operating at the most efficient temperature, and to allow the engine to ...

MG SuperSports engine cooling options
Search by Part Number or key word..

Engine Cooling System
For the forty years following the first flight of the Wright brothers, airplanes used internal combustion engines to turn propellers to generate thrust.